<span>Food molecules like lipids, proteins and polysaccharides are broken down enzymatically via digestion process, which occurs in our intestine cells (digestive system). Those large polymeric molecules are broken down into their monomer subunits—proteins into amino acids, polysaccharides into sugars, and fats into fatty acids and glycerol. Formed small organic molecules are now ready for the oxidation (a process that produces ATP and consumes O2) which occurs partly in the cytosol and in the mitochondrion. Oxidation processes include glycolysis and citric acid cycle which are differently required in different tissues. Nervous system (nerve cells) rely almost entirely on a constant supply of <span>glucose<span> from the bloodstream. In contrast, liver cells supply glucose to actively contracting muscle system which needs a lot of ATP energy.</span></span></span>
The statement 'interactions of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic amino acids help to anchor the protein in the membrane' explains why protein folding is critical. This process is fundamental for the function of transmembrane proteins.
Protein folding refers to the process by which a polypeptide (i.e., a protein) adopts its final tridimensional 3D shape (conformation).
In a protein, some amino acids contain hydrophilic R groups, whereas other amino acids contain hydrophobic R groups.
During protein folding, hydrophobic amino acids are arranged so they can interact with the long chains of the fatty acids in the internal region of the lipid bilayer, whereas hydrophilic amino acids are arranged so they interact with water on the surface of the cell membrane.
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The answer is D. A species diversity
The bond between CH2 and P of phosphate through O is called phosphoester bond. Only one such bond is present in both AMP and ADP.Link of phosphate groups through O by elimination of water molecule is called phosphoanhydride bond.In AMP, only single phosphate group present so no phosphoanhydride bond is present. But inADP, two phosphate groups are linked by one phospoanhydride bond.AMP 1 0ADP 1 1
Both processes rely on each other to function
