Answer:
d. Preload increases.
Explanation:
Preload is affected by the rate of venous return and the venous blood pressure , which are affected by the volume of circulating blood and venous tone .
The preload is related to ventricular end - diastolic volume ,
The higher end - diastolic volume have a higher preload .
<u>Preload is approximated via echocardiographic measurement end diastolic volume or EDV.
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Preload is increased by exercising , or increase in blood pressure and neuroendocrine excitement .
Answer:
Explanation:
A. Inactivation of an enzyme that degrades M-Cyclin.
M-phase cyclins form M-CDK complexes and drive the cell's entry into mitosis from G2 phase as non-degradation of M-Cyclin resulting from inactivated enzyme can only result in constitutive entry of the cell in to M phase instead cell cycle being arrested at G2 phase,
B. Inactivation of the Wee-1 kinase.
Wee1 is a nuclear kinase that plays a key role in regulating cell cycle progression. Wee1 inhibits the entry of the cell into M phase by inhibiting Cdk1. Wee1 phosphorylates Cdk1 there inhibiting the kinase activity of Cdk1 which is essential for progression from G2 to M phase. As such any mutation of wee1, and the resulting loss of activity will result in premature entry of cells into M phase instead of getting arrested at the G2 phase resulting in smaller yeast cell.
C. Inactivation of the Cdc25 phosphatase
CDC25 phosphatases removes inhibitory phosphate residues from cyclin dependent kinases resulting in the activation of CDKs which causes the cells in G2 phase to entry to M phase. Mutation in CDC25 phosphates removes the ability of CDC25 to remove phosphate residues from CDKs thus preventing the entry into M-phase.
Therefore, mutant phenotype of cell cycle arrest prior to M phase can only result form mutation in
Cdc25 phosphatase(option 3)
Most mammals including humans are endothermic. Reptiles and amphibians are ectothermic.
Answer:
The sodium channel are unable to open due to dehydration.
Explanation:
Dehydration may be defined as the medical condition in which body water content and fluid loss out from the body. The sodium ions are lost in large amount due to dehydration.
The sodium ions is important for the propagation of action potential. The opening of sodium and potassium channel causes the end plate potential. The lose of sodium ion hinders the opening of sodium channels and causes imbalance in the body. This imbalance and opening of sodium channel at different rate causes muscle cramping in the body.
Melissa should mind her peak flow rate! She should be gaging her reactions based on that information and referring to her Asthma Action Plan. In relation to changes to her lifestyle, she will have to establish a routine sleeping schedule, and perhaps abstain from certain strenuous activities, like ballet class. If she doesn't follow the plan, she will suffer from numerous severe asthma crises due to exposure to and causation of triggers. If Melissa does not adhere to her Asthma Action Plan, it could lead to fatal repercussions.
