Answer:
The structure of proteins is complex and unique, and only specific molecules can interact with their surface features. The natural shape of each protein is termed the native state. When proteins are exposed to heat, acid, or alcohol, their shape is disrupted and they become nonfunctional or denatured.
Explanation:
Physical agents such as heat, and chemicals such as alcohol and acids cause protein denaturation, that is, a loss of the spatial conformation and structure of the proteins and with this their functionality. Depending on the intensity of the event there may be total loss of function. The three-dimensional structure of a protein is basic for the protein to perform its function correctly.
Answer:
Anaphase
Explanation:
Before the mitosis process (where cells multiply creating two new daughter cells from a single cell) chromosomes are replicated and remain attached to their replicates, then they are condensed forming microtubules as they align on the metaphase plate. <em>Now the sister chromatids (replicates) begin to separate to the opposite poles due to the action of the spindle in </em><u><em>anaphase</em></u> (You can observe this in the image I added). Then telophase begins when the nuclear envelope forms back again and chromosomes begin to unroll.
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Answer:
In the laboratory, restriction enzymes (or restriction endonucleases) are used to cut DNA into smaller fragments. The cuts are always made at specific nucleotide sequences. Different restriction enzymes recognise and cut different DNA sequences.
