Physical exercise preserves bone mass. Measurements of bone biomarkers may reflect the events in bone during exercise. Fifteen healthy, well-trained individuals (7 men and 8 women) performed a running test for 21 min until exhaustion. Venous blood samples were drawn before and 30 min after the exercise to measure the levels of osteocalcin, the carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP) and the carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP). After exercise, the women had a marked increase in serum osteocalcin concentrations (from 7.5±5.0 μg/1 to 11.5±3.0 μg/1), whereas the level was unaffected in the men (from 14.5±3.0 μg/1 to 13.5±4.6 μg/l). In the men there was a marked increase in PICP (from 240±47 μg/1 to 268±56 μg/1) that was not seen in the women (from 244±70 μg/1 to 253±60 μg/1). In neither group did ICTP levels change. In conclusion, significant responses were seen in PICP and osteocalcin during exercise, indicating that such measurements may be valuable for the further delineation of the effects of physical activity on bone. Furthermore, the different responses in men and women point to interesting areas for future studies.
Answer:
d: incomplete dominance
Explanation:
incomplete dominance is inheritance in which one allele for a specific trait is not completely expressed over its paired allele. this results in a third phenotype in which the physical trait is a combination of both alleles.
Answer:
The correct answer is option (D) there was a time in Pennsylvania history when dinosaur existed.
Explanation: A paleontologist discovers a rock slab on which the footprints of a Pennsylvania dinosaur are well preserved. This means that there was a time in Pennsylvania history when dinosaur existed in this area. Here fossil is a fragment of rock on which the footprints of dinosaur is present.
Answer:
cytoplasm
Explanation:
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Answer: <u>The Plant Cell would die</u>
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Explanation: Although the <u>Mitochondria</u> is unharmed the <u>Plant Cell</u> still needs the<u> Chloroplasts</u> because they are responsible for <u>Photosynthesis </u>which gives the plant energy, And without the Chloroplast ,Photosynthesis cannot be started
