We use the graph of 
as an example. The graph is shown in the first picture below
Let's take 2 as the value of the constant 'c'
The transformation of
gives the effect of halving the x-coordinates, as shown in the second picture.
The transformation of
, as shown in the third picture, gives the effect of doubling the y-coordinate
In conclusion,
gives the effect of halving the x-coordinates while 
gives the effect of doubling the y-coordinates
Let's take 2 as the value of the constant 'c'
The transformation of
The transformation of
In conclusion,