Hello. This question is incomplete. The full question is:
"You determine that you have only 3 copies left of an important DNA fragment, so you decide to amplify it. Using flanking primers, how many PCR cycles would you have to run to generate over one billion (10^9) copies of the fragment?
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Answer:
Approximately 29 cycles of PCR would be required.
Explanation:
As you may already know, PCR is a technique used in molecular biology that allows part of a DNA molecule to be recycled into millions of copies.
PCR allows this replication to be done through cycles. Each PCR cycle lasts about 2 minutes and allows the DNA molecule to undergo the separation of the strands, the binding of the primers and the synthesis of new DNA strands through DNA polymerase. This cycle is usually repeated 32 times, but this number may change depending on the number of copies the researcher thinks is necessary.
In this case, if a researcher wants 10 ^ 9 copies of DNA, he must do the following calculation to find the number of PCR cycles needed:
32 ^ x = 10 ^ 9
x = 28.3 = approximately 29 cycles.
The ability to blend into the surrounding environment can come in handy when trying to avoid a predator, especially for those animals with little else in their defense arsenal.
The potential energy stored in glucose and converts the energy to ATP.
Sea weeds come under polyphyletic group of the phylogeny.
What is phylogeny?
Phylogeny is the study of a species' or group's evolutionary history, particularly as it relates to relationships and lines of descent among large groups of animals.
The idea that distinct species of plants or animals descended from a single ancestor is fundamental to phylogeny and is widely recognized in the scientific community. Since the majority of animals that have ever existed are extinct and only a small portion of their fossilized remnants have been preserved in the fossil record, the evidence for these relationships is almost always insufficient. Therefore, the majority of phylogenies are based on inferential data and are hypotheses. Commonly, different phylogenies can be inferred from the same evidence.
Learn more about the phylogeny with the help of the given link:-
brainly.com/question/11846822
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The one that is true is the last one that you listed
