<span>Many species of sponges and the Hydra perform external budding. Cells will quickly divide within them and develop on the surface of the organism. These cells will form branches or extensions of the parent as they develop into a new organism.
i wish this helped</span>
Answer:
Reflexes are not a function of the spinal cord.
Explanation:
The spinal cord is part of the central nervous system and is made up of neurons that go along it (from the end of the brain stem almost to the bottom of the spine).
The spinal cord receives incoming messages from the peripheral nervous system (including the sensory neurons) and pass on messages from the brain to efferent neurons (motor neurons at muscles).
The spinal cord contributes to learning as it passes on the info received from sensory neurons (that there is an obstacle in the path) to the brain and passes on the response from the brain to the muscles (to lift the foot up higher).
The spinal cord is essential for integration as it passes on sensory information to the brain to determine motor output.
Reflexes are when sensory information is quickly sent straight to motor neurons to move. It does not need to go to the brain (hence does not need to go to the spinal cord) for the reaction as it would be too slow. This is seen when someone who is paraplegic (paralysed at lower torso) can still move their leg in response to the doctor tapping their knee even when they cannot forcibly move their legs.
Therefore reflexes are not a function of the spinal cord.
When a top predator is removed from an ecosystem, a series knock-on effects are felt throughout all the levels in a food web, as each level is regulated by the one above it. This is known as a trophic cascade. The results of these trophic cascades can lead to an ecosystem being completely transformed. The impacts trickle down through each level, upsetting the ecological balance by altering numbers of different animal species, until the effects are finally felt by the vegetation.
Answer: b) storing the genetic code providing substrate for the citric acid cycle providing electrons to the electron transport chain.
<u>Answer:</u>
<em>An LH spike occurs during oestrogen feedback loop because the pituitary gland positively responds to the high level of oestrogen </em>and produces more LH.
During the ovulatory phase the amount of hormones like oestrogen, follicle stimulating hormone and Leutenising hormone are high. <em>FSH enables the formation of follicles and LH enables the rupture of matured follicle and release of ovum into the oviduct. </em>
In the middle of menstrual cycle when the amount of oestrogen is high pituitary gland give <em>a positive feedback by producing more LH.</em>
<em>This is called LH surge.</em> By this time primary follicles would have matured into graffian follicle and would be holding the ovum. <em>LH surge causes the follicle to rupture and the ovum gets released into the oviduct. </em>
