When a top predator is removed from an ecosystem, a series knock-on effects are felt throughout all the levels in a food web, as each level is regulated by the one above it. This is known as a trophic cascade. The results of these trophic cascades can lead to an ecosystem being completely transformed. The impacts trickle down through each level, upsetting the ecological balance by altering numbers of different animal species, until the effects are finally felt by the vegetation.
If the top predator is taken out of the food web, then the animal that the top predator used to eat, will grow in population. As a result, the next animal will decrease in population and it creates an imbalance that affects the whole ecosystem.
