1.the dependent clause is-had been one of my boon companions in boyhood and, but many years had elapsed since our last meeting. this is a compound sentence
2. the dependent clause is- I must abandon life and reason together. this is a complex sentence
3. the dependent clause is- that mortal was Roderick Usher. this is a complex sentence
4. the dependent clause is- he hurried to one of the casements threw it freely open to the storm. this sentence is a compound-complex
This phrase is a metaphor "The earth is the cup of the sun, That filleth at morning" it is stating that the Earth is like a cup that in the morning will be filled by sunlight.
