Answer:
The best answer to the question: These cellular structures are utilized in strong involuntary muscle contractions and transmission of electrical impulses, would be: T-Tubules.
Explanation:
In both skeletal and cardiac muscle, not smooth muscle, because of the way that the muscle fibers are conformed into tight bundles of sarcomeres (skeletal muscle) and myocardiocytes (cardiac muscle), there is a need for a series of structures that will ensure that when there is a stimulus from the nervous systems, these stimulus will propagate to all the cells in the fibers, and not just one.
Aside from counting with a neuromuscular motor plate, which will receive the neurotransmitter from the nerve endings and produce the appropriate reactions, as well as propagate that reaction to all the cells that are being stimulated, muscle fibers also have a structure known as T-Tubules. T-Tubules are formations much like roadways of cell plasma membrane that connect not just one, but all the cells within a muscle fiber so that once a stimulus comes, all the cells will initiate the process of calcium release and action potential propagation. These T-Tubules will ensure that electrical impulses reach all muscle cells and that all cells react at the same time as needed.
Without oxygen, organisms can just split glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.With oxygen, organisms can break down glucose all the way to carbon dioxide. This releases enough energy to produce up to 38 ATP molecules. Thus, aerobic-respiration releases much more energy than anaerobic respiration.That's what Respiration to generate engery.
Answer:
b. Capillaries; veins; arteries
Explanation:
Capillaries are the blood vessels with very thin walls. They serve as a site for an exchange of substances such as respiratory gases, nutrients, and toxins between the blood and the cells of the tissues. Veins are the blood vessels that mostly pick the deoxygenated blood from the body cells and deliver it to the heart for oxygenation. On the other hand, arteries are the blood vessels that mostly carry the oxygen-rich blood. They pick the oxygenated blood from the heart and deliver it to body cells. Therefore, veins carry blood towards the heart while arteries carry it away from the heart.
Answer:
1
Explanation:
Lichen are usually the first thing to grow on bare rock, making them a pioneer species. Fun fact, you can use lichen to determine if the air quality in an ecosystem is polluted.
Hope this helped :)
