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Answer:
a. substantia nigra
b. substantia nigra (it is repeated)
Explanation:
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that is caused by the death of neurons that release the neurotransmitter dopamine in the <u>substantia nigra</u>, or locus niger, -a region of the brain that regulates brain circuits that give the 'orders' to initiate voluntary movements- .
The lack of this neurotransmitter leads to the occurrence of the main symptoms suffered by patients: decreased movements, muscle stiffness, postural instability and tremor. These failures are generated by the abnormal way in which neurons work in the absence of dopamine through a mechanism that is not known in depth.
It is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease, after Alzheimer's disease, with a prevalence of 2% in people over 65 years. The characteristic symptoms of stiffness, bradykinesia and tremor are associated with losses of neurons in the substantia nigra and dopamine depletion in the striatum. There are large cytoplasmic inclusions, called Lewy bodies, which are the pathological mark of the disease and appear predominantly in neurons that contain melanin of the nigra substance. Genetic studies in a subgroup of families with Parkinson's disease with autosomal dominant inheritance found a locus on chromosome 4q-21 23 and a mutation in the gene that encodes a synaptic protein, α-synuclein.
Answer:
Removal of introns
Explanation:
the reduction in the sequence is as a result of the removal of introns. Introns are actually non-coding regions and do not code for proteins. they are usually spliced out.
Answer:
Human polygenic inheritance are height, skin color, eye color and weight.
Explanation:
Polygenic inheritance is the set responsible for many characters that appear simple from the surface. Many characters such as weight, shape, height, color, and metabolism are governed by the cumulative effect of many genes.
Polygenic inheritance is not expressed at all as discrete characters, as in the case of Mendelian characters. Instead, polygenic characters are recognized by being expressed as graduations of small differences (a continuous variation). The result forms a curve with an average value at the peak and extreme values in both directions.
