Three Balanced equations for Ammonium salt+Alkali=Salt+water+carbon dioxide
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Answer 1) When a strong acid like 
reacts with 
usually the equilibrium shifts to the right because
As per the Le chatelier's principle "if in any reaction, a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the any of the conditions, the position of equilibrium moves to counteract the change." So, in the given reaction when reacts with it generates carbon dioxide and water as a by product, if we are adding it will remove some of the 
molecule from the reaction mixture, which then tends to shift the equilibrium towards right.
Answer 2) The same would be observed in this case, if we replace with HCl it will shift the equilibrium to the right as their will be generation of AgCl as the precipitate.
As per the definition of Le Chatelier's principle if we add reactants in the reaction the equilibrium will tend to move towards right, also if we replace the products or remove it then too it will shift the equilibrium towards right. So, in this reaction you are removing
and 
ions from the solution.
As per the Le chatelier's principle "if in any reaction, a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the any of the conditions, the position of equilibrium moves to counteract the change." So, in the given reaction when
Answer 2) The same would be observed in this case, if we replace
As per the definition of Le Chatelier's principle if we add reactants in the reaction the equilibrium will tend to move towards right, also if we replace the products or remove it then too it will shift the equilibrium towards right. So, in this reaction you are removing