A centrally planned economy oppose these basic economic characteristics- Property owned by private individuals, Market pricing determination by supply and demand forces, encouragement of competition among the companies and providing a wide range of choice to consumer.
Geography is a field of science that deals with studying the earth's surface, climate, continents, countries, people, industries, and resources. It has two branches: the physical geography and the human geography. Physical geography deals with studying the natural environment, its characteristics and how it works while the human geography deals with studying the people and their total interaction with the environment and their culture, history, traditions, and economy.
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The Incas created a highway and road system in Peru with over 18,000 miles of roads.
The Incas were the first to cultivate the potato in Peru.
The Incas used advanced farming techniques such as canals and ditches to irrigate their crops in Peru.
The Incas administered intelligence tests to Incan children and based on their results they were either taught a trade or sent to school to become administrators or part of the nobility.
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through the use of quotas, used first in the Soviet Union and later in other socialist states. In the Soviet Union, the first Five-Year Plan (1928–32), implemented by Joseph Stalin, concentrated on developing heavy industry and collectivizing agriculture, at the cost of a drastic fall in consumer goods. The second plan (1933–37) continued the objectives of the first. Collectivization led to terrible famines, especially in the Ukraine, that caused the deaths of millions. The third (1938–42) emphasized the production of armaments. The fourth (1946–53) again stressed heavy industry and military buildup, angering the Western powers. In China, the first Five-Year Plan (1953–57) stressed rapid industrial development, with Soviet assistance; it proved highly successful. Shortly after the second plan began in 1958, the Great Leap Forward was announced; its goals conflicted with the five-year plan, leading to failure and the withdrawal of Soviet aid in 1960.