Causes:
- People turned to the Catholic Church for spiritual direction
- The Roman empire fell when the last emperor stepped down
- People needed safety and protection
Characteristics:
- The king gave land grants to nobles for providing knights for wars
- People turned to the Catholic Church for spiritual direction
- There wasn't a strong central government
1. a
2. a or b most likely a.
good luck hope this helps sorry that im not positive about the 2nd one
Spending and taxation are the two levers available to the government for sitting fiscal policy.
