They were not treated very well.
In most cases all over the world, people who held the majority religion tend to discriminate against the minority religion.
The jews were forced out of several living territories in Muslim Spain, which force them to migrate into a place that hasn't been settled yet.
The correct answer is religious persecution and here's why:
The Mongol rule occurred at the same time but was not as important as religious persecution. Muslim rule was common earlier during the 6th century, while intellectual oppression was not a recurring issue.
He was leading the firs expedition to circumnavigate the globe. But he died on the way on 15 April 1521.
