Answer:
The answer is C
Explanation:
( Sorry not really good at explaining)
<em>Answer:</em>
<em>modulate abiotic forces that, in turn, affect resource use by other organisms. both negative and positive effects on species richness and abundances at small scales, but things that a tree does than directly use the tree for ... changes in biotic or abiotic materials. in comparison to some of the other examples we discuss.</em>
<em />
Answer:
A model in which oak has a positive transition rate to the invasive and the invasive has a positive transition to oak.
Explanation:
An invasive species is the one which is non-native to the given ecosystem. Its growth hampers balanced ecological parameters and disturbs food web as well as normal flora.The overall effect of invasive species is decreasing biodiversity in selected ecosystem. As the ecologist needs to understand effect of this invasive species, firstly it is important to understand the transition of oak tress to invasive form. The transition rate is one of the deciding factor to introduce diversity in ecosystem. Also if the invasive form has the ability to revert back to original oak tress it would restore the original ecosystem. Thus a model in which oak has a positive transition rate to invasive and the invasive has a position transition to oak can be selected for the analysis. In other models, the final trnasition to grass would introduce lot of biodiversity in selected ecosystem which would be of little importance to understand transition rate.
Answer: receives the thermal energy
Explanation:
The cryosphere can be defined as the land which is covered with the surface of ice in the solid form in the form of sea ice, river ice, snow, ice glaciers, ice sheets, frozen water, and others. When the ice on the land receives the thermal energy from the sun or any other source like radiation then it melts into water and it becomes the part of the water body in the form of the hydrosphere.
Answer:
Fertilization
Explanation:
Binary fission is when single parent cell doubles it’s DNA, then divides into two cells. (usually in bacteria).
Budding is the small growth on surface of parent breaks off, resulting in formation of two individuals. (ex: yeast)
Fragmentation is when organisms break into two or more fragments that develop into a new individual. (occurs in many plants and some animals like starfish)
