The answer you're looking for would be the "Alps".
It affected pietistic Protestant denominations and had a strong element of social activism.
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The correct answer is C.
In fact the other options provided state the weaknesses that the Europeans encountered in their conflicts against the native Americans. They did not know the land, whose wilderness added extra dificulties for strangers, and in the case they needed reinforcements, the process of bringing them from Europe was long and costly.
But these weaknesses were rapidly outbalanced due to the huge superiority that the Europeans had in terms of weaponry if compared to the natives. They already knew gunpowder, while, natives Americans were still using bows and arrows. Moreover, the Europeans had properly organized armies, with its hierarchies, different units, experienced and skilled commanders, etc.
