Answer:
The correct answer is hypertrophy and hyperplasia.
Explanation:
An enhancement and growth of muscle cells or cross-sectional enlargement of muscle fiber is termed as hypertrophy. Hypertrophy is generally achieved via exercise like weight-lifting is the most general cause of hypertrophy.
On the other hand, an increase in the number of muscle fibers due to cell proliferation or longitudinal fiber dissociation is termed as hyperplasia. The term hyperplasia at certain times is also associated with a benign tumor or neoplasia. An increase in the number of cells is hyperplasia and an increase in the size of cells is hypertrophy.
Answer:
search this book on google books when you have time
Explanation:
Encyclopedia of Science and Technology
By James S. Trefil
Answer:
if you're looking for a minimum, people only need to eat every three day to survive, but the recommended amount of calories is 3000 calories a day for an average adult.
Explanation:
Answer:
b). activation of T cells
Explanation:
An APC (antigen-presenting cell) can be described as an immune cell, which detects, uptakes, and informs the acquired immune response when an infection takes place. B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells.
These cells play an important role in activation of T cells. T cells are unable to recognize soluble or free antigens and can only recognize antigens processed and presented by carrier molecules, such as MHC molecules.
Presence of MHCII molecules is a defining feature of APCs that process and present antigens to T cells. Hence, all antigen-presenting cells help in activation of T cells.
Thus, the correct answer is option (b).
Answer:
The correct answer is option a) "preload".
Explanation:
In cardiology, the concept of preload refers to the initial stretching of the cardiomyocytes to its greatest dimensions prior to contraction. This first stretching is achieved by a difference of pressure between the ventricles, which happens by the pump of an increased amount of blood in one of the ventricles. The result is that one ventricle has a greater dimension than the other, but the blood arrives to the other and causes to increase its stroke volume and match that of the other.