The cubs are a significant barrier to reproduction when a new male coalition first takes control of a pride. Mothers of surviving cubs won't mate again until their young are at least 18 months old, but if their cubs are lost, they will mate right away.
- Following that, males leave on their own or are driven out by other men who take control of their pride. It is common for a new male to kill all the cubs when he joins the pride in order to pass his genes on to all future cubs. The major function of males in the pride is defending the pride's territory.
- Female lionesses will devour the cubs of other pride, but not the cubs of their own pride. The "egalitarianism" of female lions stands in stark contrast to the autocratic behavior of wolves, wild dogs, and several other species, where dominant females prevent subordinates from reproducing.
- When a female lion gives birth, she leaves the pride and doesn't come back until the cubs are several weeks old. After that, the adult females band together to take care of and protect the young.
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When insulin is deficient , GLUT4 transporters are not inserted into the cell membranes , glucose is not transported into the cells and the blood glucose concentration increases.
Insulin deficiency provides more amino acid and glycerol substrates for glucose synthesis ie increased gluconeogenesis .
With a deficiency of insulin, there is both increased hepatic glucose production through increased glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis as well as decreased glucose use. The result is hyperglycemia.
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Blood vessels visible in the posterior view of the heart include the Superior and inferior vena cava and the pulmonary veins. The superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava drain systemic venous blood into the posterior wall of the right atrium. The pulmonary veins transport blood from the lungs back to the heart and are best seen in posterior view of the heart. Other features visible in the posterior view include, right and left atrium, right and left ventricle, aorta, aortic arch, pulmonary veins and arteries, coronary sinus, coronary artery and posterior interventricular artery.
Factors such as temperature, water salinity, amount of light, nutrient levels, and saturation state are all environmental conditions that can suppress the growth of marine life.
