Answer:
Climate change is rapidly becoming known as a tangible issue that must be addressed to avoid major environmental consequences in the future. Recent change in public opinion has been caused by the physical signs of climate change–melting glaciers, rising sea levels, more severe storm and drought events, and hotter average global temperatures annually. Transportation is a major contributor of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gas emissions from human activity, accounting for approximately 14 percent of total anthropogenic emissions globally and about 27 percent in the U.S.
Fortunately, transportation technologies and strategies are emerging that can help to meet the climate challenge. These include automotive and fuel technologies, intelligent transportation systems (ITS), and mobility management strategies that can reduce the demand for private vehicles. While the climate change benefits of innovative engine and vehicle technologies are relatively well understood, there are fewer studies available on the energy and emission impacts of ITS and mobility management strategies. In the future, ITS and mobility management will likely play a greater role in reducing fuel consumption. Studies are often based on simulation models, scenario analysis, and limited deployment experience. Thus, more research is needed to quantify potential impacts. Of the nine ITS technologies examined, traffic signal control, electronic toll collection, bus rapid transit, and traveler information have been deployed more widely and demonstrated positive impacts (but often on a limited basis). Mobility management approaches that have established the greatest CO2 reduction potential, to date, include road pricing policies (congestion and cordon) and carsharing (short-term auto access). Other approaches have also indicated CO2 reduction potential including: low-speed modes, integrated regional smart cards, park-and-ride facilities, parking cash out, smart growth, telecommuting, and carpooling.
Explanation:
2 because animals do not have chloroplast or a cell wall
Five organs are in the human body
Answer:
2, 3 and 4 only.
Explanation:
Mutations refer to change in genetic content or alterations of DNA which might be as a result when the DNA is copied or due to environmental factors like Ultraviolet radiation.
Majority of mutations have neither positive or negative effects on organisms the occur and they are called neutral mutations.
An example is silent points mutations which does not alter the amino acids it's encode.
Some Mutations have positive effects and some have negative effects which cause genetic disorder.
Answer:
Yes, P. Falciparum and T. Cruzi undergo similar antigenic variation because of repetitive genomes evolved by time.
Explanation:
Living (i.e., actively proliferating) repeats are dynamic elements which reshape their host genomes by generating rearrangements, creating and destroying genes, shuffling existing genes, and modulating patterns of expression. Dead repeats (i.e., those which are no longer able to proliferate) constitute a palaeontological record, which can be mined for clues about evolutionary events and impetus. The dynamic nature of repeats leads to a rapid evolutionary divergence that can be used in species identification and phylogenetic inference. Repeats can also provide passive markers for studying processes of mutation and selection.
The genomes of these protozoan parasites, like all eukaryotic genomes, have been colonized by diverse repetitive elements. Repetitive sequences can be artificially divided into two groups: interspersed repeats and tandemly repeated DNA. P. falciparum undergoes antigenic variation ans similar anitgenic variation is present in t. cruzi because of repetitive sequences resembling each other.
