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3 years ago

How do particles in matter change when a substance becomes hotter, cools down, or changes state?

Chemistry

1 answer:

FinnZ [79.3K]3 years ago

7 0

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When a substance becomes hotter or cooler or change in state due to external change in energy, few changes takes place like:

Change in Interparticular force of attraction.
Change in distance between voids.

When Energy is supplied:

A substance becomes more hot and changes it state i.e. Solid to liquid, or liquid to gas in normal conditions.

External energy is supplied.
Average kinetic energy increases.
The particles gets excited.
They start moving farther increasing their Interparticular force of attraction.
They makes some changes in shape & volume.

When Energy is taken away:

A substance becomes colder and changes it state i.e. gas to liquid, or liquid to solid in normal conditions.

Energy is taken away from the matter.
Average kinetic energy decreases.
The particles move closer to each other.
The Interparticular force of attraction now increases because they are near to each other.
This increases the density and make it compact.

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4.50 g of a certain Compound X, known to be made of carbon, hydrogen and perhaps oxygen, and to have a molecular molar mass of 1

Anna11 [10]

Answer:

$\mathbf{C_{10}H_8}$ ( Naphthalene )

Explanation:

Given that:

4.50 g of a Compound X is made up of Carbon , Hydron and Oxygen

It's molecular molar mass = 128 g/mol

Compound X undergoes combustion reaction and the product yield :

CO_2 with mass 15.47g and :

H_2O with mass 2.53 g

The objective is to use this information to determine the molecular formula of X.

We all know that ; number of moles = mass/molar mass

where the molar mass of H_2O is 18 g/mol

number of moles of H_2O product = 2.53 g/18 g/mol

number of moles of H_2O product = 0.1406 moles

Also; the molar mass of CO_2 product = 44 g/mol

number of moles of CO_2 product = 15.47g/ 44 g/mol

number of moles of CO_2 product = 0.3516 moles

number of moles of Compound X in the reactant side= 4.50 g /128 g/mol

number of moles of Compound X n the reactant side= 0.03516 moles

Now; number number of moles of CO_2 in reactant = 0.3516 moles/0.03516 moles

Now; number number of moles of CO_2 in reactant = 10

number of moles of H_2O reactant = 0.1406 moles × 2/0.03516

number of moles of H_2O reactant = 7.997 ≅ 8

Since we said the Compound X is known to be made of Carbon C , Hydrogen H and Oxygen O

Then the molecular formula can be written as :

$\mathbf{C_{10}H_8O_{x}}$

In order to find the x; we have

128 = (12 × 10 + 1 × 8 + 16 × x)

128 = 120 + 8 + 16x)

128 = 128 + 16 x

128 - 128 = 16 x

0 = 16 x

x = 0/16

x = 0

As x = 0 ; hence there are no oxygen present in the reaction

Thus; the molecular formula of Compound X = $\mathbf{C_{10}H_8}$ which is also known as Naphthalene

5 0

3 years ago

Calculate the mass (in grams) of methylene bluecrystals that you must weigh in order to make 100.0mL of 1.25 × 10-5mol/L methyle

mario62 [17]

Answer: The mass of methylene blue that must be weighed is $3.99\times 10^{-4}g$

Explanation:

To calculate the mass of solute, we use the equation used to calculate the molarity of solution:

$\text{Molarity of the solution}=\frac{\text{Mass of solute}\times 1000}{\text{Molar mass of solute}\times \text{Volume of solution (in mL)}}$

We are given:

Molarity of solution = $1.25\times 10^{-5}M$

Molar mass of methylene blue = 319.85 g/mol

Volume of solution = 100.0 mL

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$1.25\times 10^{-5}M=\frac{\text{Mass of methylene blue}\times 1000}{319.85\times 100.0}\\\\\text{Mass of methylene blue}=\frac{1.25\times 10^{-5}\times 319.85\times 100.0}{1000}=3.99\times 10^{-4}g$

Hence, the mass of methylene blue that must be weighed is $3.99\times 10^{-4}g$

4 0

3 years ago

Essential life materials, like nitrogen and carbon, are exchanged and recycled through _____.

SpyIntel [72]

The answer is A, biogeochemical cycles.

5 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Use Table 1: Analysis of Decay in the laboratory guide to answer this question: Scientists find a piece of wood that is thought

sashaice [31]

1/2=5750 years, 1/2(1/2)=1/4, (1/2)(1/2)(1/2)=1/8, (1/2)(1/2)(1/2)(1/2)=1/6
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1000000 atoms (1/2)=500000 atoms(1/2)=250000(1/2)=125000(1/2)=62500 atoms would remain in the wood after 4 halflives
Dinosaurs became extinct around 62 million years ago, so if 14C's half life has a value of 5750 years, it would be gone or in such small amounts that dating would be ineffective today.
As Potassium decays into Argon in 1.3 billion years, apart from volcanic activity, it would enable geologists to effectively date things that are really, really, really old.

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3 years ago

3) What is the molarity of a solution that has 27.6 g of propanol (C3H2O) dissolved in 325 mL of solution? The molar mass of eth

Novosadov [1.4K]

Answer:

Explanation:

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3 years ago