When an ion or a molecule passes through a membrane without something facilitating, or encouraging that passage, such as a protein does. What drives it is the force of the diffusion itself instead.
your answer is C. cleavage, fracture
cleavage the way minerals breaks apart, split easily along a flat surface,
fracture the way minerals break apart, breaks in an irregular way
Since the offspring are all the same, there’s no variation. This could lead to the species dying out sooner because one single threat could take all of them out.