A nonfunctional CD4 protein on a helper T cell would result in the helper T cell being unable to interact with a class II MHC-antigen complex
Importance of Class II MHC-Antigen complex
- CD4+ T cell-dependent immunological responses need antigen presentation restricted to MHC class II.
Professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) perform a range of functions that are essential for the generation of an effective and specific immune response.
- Dendritic cells (DCs) investigate their surroundings and gather foreign antigens, such as those derived from bacteria or viruses, before activating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to initiate adaptive immune responses against these antigens.
- The thymus' DCs and epithelial cells express (and also capture) a diverse set of self-proteins that contribute to both central and peripheral tolerance.
Recognizing the processes involved in the creation (and stability) of peptide-MHC class II complexes in APCs provides crucial information about T cellular metabolism including both normal and pathological settings.
Hence, the correct answer is option D
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Anaerobic respiration provides less energy than the aerobic respiration.
Answer:
Coastline has lots of beaches and is an area for breeding for many sea animals.
Explanation:
idk
I think the correct answer from the choices listed above is option B. Urine produced in the kidneys is carried to the bladder through a pair of tubes called ureters. It is <span>the duct by which urine passes from the kidney to the bladder.</span>
