Answer:
<u>Biofilms are</u> defined as complex communities of microorganisms that grow embedded in a self-produced polymeric organic matrix and adhered to a living or inert surface, and that can present a single microbial species or a range of different species
Explanation:
The bacteria that form the biofilm are in what is called sessile form, exhibiting a phenotype different from those of the same cells in unicellular or free form (planktonic form) with respect to the growth rate and gene transcription (Donlan, 2002 ).
<u>
The formation</u> of biofilms is an adaptive strategy of microorganisms, since growth in biofilm offers four important advantages: (I) protects microorganisms from the action of adverse agents, (II) increases the availability of nutrients for their growth, (III) facilitates the use of water, reducing the possibility of dehydration and (IV) enables the transfer of genetic material (DNA). All of these circumstances can increase your survival capabilities. As a consequence, <u>the usual methods of disinfection or the use of antibiotics are often ineffective against biofilm bacteria</u>.
In addition to the risk of contamination, the development of biofilms can interfere with different processes and cause damage to the equipment. In drinking water systems the formation of biofilms can obstruct the pipes reducing their speed and transport capacity causing an increase in energy consumption. The formation of biofilm in heat exchangers and cooling towers can reduce heat transfer and as a consequence its efficiency in the process. The formation of persistent biofilms on metal surfaces can cause corrosion due to acid production by bacteria.
By their activity in the soul
Answer:
The cytosolic and mitochondrial pools of CoA are kept separate, and no radioactive CoA from the cytosolic pool enters the mitochondrion.
Explanation:
- Fatty acyl group condensed with CoA in the cytosol are first transferred to carnitine and in this process, CoA is released.
- After this, it is transported into the mitochondrion, where it is again condensed with CoA.
- In this way, the cytosolic and mitochondrial pools of CoA are kept separate, and due to this reason, no radioactive CoA from the cytosolic pool enters the mitochondrion.
- Therefore, according to the given question, the C14 CoA that is added into the liver homogenate along with palmitate shows cytosolic radioactive fraction but not mitochondrial as in the mitochondria a different CoA joins palmitate and not the one containing C14.
I would say C.
I hope it’s right or u can individually search up each of those animals to check that they’re a secondary consumer.
I believe there is a pill for that. I think vets can do it too.
