Salons were basically Renaissance era parties created by the rich where the rich and super educated freethinkers would come together and discuss everything from politics to religion.
The answer is B) War broke out when white settlers pressure the government to take the land from American Indians. Whole Indian communities were attacked and forced off their land during The Gold Rush by gold seekers called, Forty Niners. Americans were pressuring the government to take the Indians land for the skate of panning gold on the Indians reservations. This resulted in war.