Answer:
The reverse reaction is favoured
Explanation:
According to the principle; when a constraint such as a change in concentration, pressure, temperature etc is imposed on a reaction system in equilibrium, the equilibrium position will shift in such a direction as to annul the constraint.
In this case, the constraint is a change in volume. If the volume is decreased, the reverse reaction (leading to less total volume) is favoured.
The forward reaction leads to four volumes while the reverse reaction leads to only two volumes. Decrease in volume favours the direction in which the total volume is lower.
The osmotic pressure of a solution made from 12.5 g of CaCl2 in enough water to make 500 mL, if CaCl2 is 78.5% dissociated at 30oC is 167.087 atm
<h3>
Define osmotic pressure:-</h3>
Osmotic pressure and osmosis are connected. Osmosis is the passage of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane into a solution. The pressure that halts the osmosis process is known as osmotic pressure. Osmotic pressure is a collective attribute of material because its value is determined by the solute's concentration rather than its chemical composition.
The formula used to calculate Osmotic Pressure is:-
π = M x R x T x i
Where;
π =osmotic pressure (in atm)
M=molar concentration (in mol/L)
=(given mass/molar mass)/volume=(12.5g /111.0)/(500/1000)
=0.224 mol/L
R=Universal gas constant (0.08206 L.atm/mol.K)
T=absolute temperature (in K) = 30.C + 273 = 303 K
i= van't Hoff factor of solute =3
using the formula and substituting values;
π=0.224 x 0.08206 x 303 x 3
= 167.087 atm
The osmotic pressure is 167.087 atm
Learn more about osmotic pressure here:-
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Q must be supplied = 119523.3~J
<h3>Further explanation </h3>
The law of conservation of energy can be applied to heat changes, i.e. the heat received/absorbed is the same as the heat released
Q in = Q out
Heat can be calculated using the formula:
Q = mc∆T
Q = heat, J
m = mass, g
c = specific heat, joules / g ° C
∆T = temperature difference, ° C / K
So from the question :
Q to the system(Q supplied) = Q water + Q steel vessel(Q gained)