Answer:
Answer is A-B toxin.
Explanation:
A membrane-disrupting toxin is toxin that affect the cell membrane. The effect of its secretion could be by interrupting the phospholipid layer or through pores formation on the membrane.
Membrane- disrupting toxins are regarded as exotoxins. Examples are leukocidin and hemolysin which their effects cause leakages of the cytoplasmic content and lysis of the cell, through the formation of pores on the cell membrane.
The A-B toxin are produced by the proteins of pathogenic organisms such as the bacteria. Example is botulinum toxin.
Answer:
ionic bond
Explanation:
When two ions transfer electrons or bond together they make an ionic bond.
Answer:
- Protozoans → would not have survived because they have no way to produce their own food → Heterotrophs
- Algae → would have survived without this food source → Heterotrophs
Explanation:
The protist kingdom is composed of two main groups. The principal difference between them is that algae can produce their own food, while protozoans need to ingest other organisms or organic molecules to survive.
- Algaes are autotroph
- Protozoans are heterotroph
<u>Protozoans</u>:
Microscopic unicellular organisms, eukaryotic and heterotrophs -predators or detritivores-. Most of them are aquatic free-living organisms, but some species are parasites. They feed on<u> bacteria</u>, other organic wastes, and other microscopic organisms. The phagocytosis process is normally used to ingest the food, invaginating their cell membrane.
<u>Algae</u>:
Eukaryotic micro- or macroscopic organisms. Autotroph and photosynthetic. They might be either unicellular or pluricellular. They use sunlight to synthesize organic matter from water, CO₂, and mineral salts. Unicellular ones can be free-living or associate with others to form colonies. They are part of the phytoplankton and are ingested by heterotrophic organisms. Pluricellular algae do not create real tissues but they compose a tale. The depth at which they inhabit depends on the pigments they produce. All of them inhabit fresh or sea waters.
Answer:
It represents the first stage in the chemical oxidation of glucose by a cell.
Explanation:
Glycolysis is the first stage of oxidation of glucose by the process of cellular respiration. Glycolysis includes the breakdown of one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. Substrate level phosphorylation forms net 2 ATP molecules and the redox reactions of glycolysis uses NAD+ as an electron acceptor resulting in the formation of 2 NADH.
Therefore, one molecule of glucose obtains 2 pyruvate molecules, 2ATP and 2 NADH by glycolysis. The fate of pyruvate depends on the availability of oxygen. Citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation are the next two stages of aerobic cellular respiration.
Answer:
The first bullet point is correct
Explanation:
The cell membrane controls what comes in and out of the cell, it needs minerals so would not block them completely, and water does not enter cells so it is clearly the first one.
