Answer:
Sunk costs.
Explanation:
Sunk costs refers to historical funds spent or incurred that cannot be recovered. Such costs are considered irrelevant during decision making which impacts on the business's future as they present no influence on present or future prospects.
Example
ABC investors decide to acquire land and develop residential houses at a location X. This decision is informed on the fact that the government had recently enacted a policy that led to an increase in demand for residential properties in that location. 6 months into construction of the residential houses, the government reviews and rescinds the policy. This leads to a sharp decline in property values in location X. ABC investors had already incurred 10 million dollars in the project. The 10 million dollars is considered sunk cost.
Sunk costs are the opposite of relevant costs because they can't be changed or recovered, as they've been spent or contracted in the past already. Hence, relevant cost are relevant for decision-making purposes but not sunk costs.
Hence, money that has been or will be paid regardless of the decision whether to proceed with the project is sunk costs.
Answer:
I believe the answer is reductions
Explanation:
The adjustments made to the account reduce the funds in the account but are made for specific purposes and used only for adjustments outside of any normal debits.
Answer:
Explanation:
In a scenario such as this one, the broker-dealer is not required to disclose whether any guarantee of growth was made by the representative to induce the giving of the testimonial. This is backed by the FINRA rule on testimonials used in communications which states the following:
“Retail communications or correspondence providing any testimonial concerning the investment advice or investment performance of a member or its products must prominently disclose the following:
- The fact that the testimonial may not be representative of the experience of other customers.
- The fact that the testimonial is no guarantee of future performance or success.
- If more than $100 in value is paid for the testimonial, the fact that it is a paid testimonial.”
Answer:
Cost of equity = 10.7%
Explanation:
<em>We will work out the required rate of return using the the dividend valuation model. The model states that the value of a stock is the present value of the future divided discounted at the cost of equity.
</em>
The model is given below:
P = D× (1+g)/(r-g)
P- price of stock, D- dividend payable now, g- growth rate in dividend, r- cost of equity
So we substitute
130 = 5.50× (1+r)/(r-0.06)
cross multiplying
(r-0.06)× 130 = 5.50 × (1+r)
130 r- 7.8 = 5.50 + 5.50r
collecting like terms
130 r - 5.50r=5.50 + 7.8
124.5 r= 13.3
Divide both sides by 124.5
r =13.3 /124.5= 0.1068
r=0.1068 × 100= 10.7%
Cost of equity = 10.7%
