What is a Forloop and what is it used for?
2 answers:
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Answer:
Here is the Python program:
#the method acronym that takes an argument phrase
def acronym(phrases):
acronym = "" #to store acronym of a phrase
#loop to split the input phrase and return its acronym in upper case letters
for phrase in phrases.split():
acronym = acronym + phrase[0].upper()
return acronym
#main function that takes input phrase from user and display its acronym
def main():
phrases = input("Enter a phrase: ")
print("The acronym for your phrase is ",acronym(phrases))
main()
Explanation:
First let me explain the method acronym. This method takes a parameter phrase to return its corresponding acronym. First the phrase is split using split() method which is used to return the list of words in a phrase. For loop is used that will keep splitting the words in the string (phrase) entered by the user.
In this statement: acronym = acronym + phrase[0].upper() the acronym is computed. phrase[0] means the first character of each word in the phrase which is found out by the split() method is converted to upper case by using upper() function and then stored in acronym variable. Each time the acronym is found and its first character is converted to upper case and added to the acronym variable.
Then the main() function prompts the user to enter a phrase and then calls the acronym function and passed that phrase as parameter to that function. Then the computed acronym for the phrase is printed on the screen.
Answer:
The entire program is:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int userInt;
double userDouble;
char userChar;
string userString;
cout<<"Enter integer:"<<endl;
cin>>userInt;
cout<<"Enter double:"<<endl;
cin>>userDouble;
cout<<"Enter character:"<<endl;
cin>>userChar;
cout<<"Enter string:"<<endl;
cin>>userString;
cout<<userInt<<" "<<userDouble<<" "<<userChar<<" "<<userString<<endl;
cout<<endl;
cout<<userInt<<" "<<userDouble<<" "<<userChar<<" "<<userString<<endl<<userString<<" "<<userChar<<" "<<userDouble<<" "<<userInt<<endl;
cout<<endl;
cout<<userInt<<" "<<userDouble<<" "<<userChar<<" "<<userString<<endl<<userString<<" "<<userChar<<" "<<userDouble<<" "<<userInt<<endl<<userDouble<<" cast to an integer is "<<(int)userDouble;
return 0; }
The program in C language:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int userInt;
double userDouble;
char userChar;
char userString[50];
printf("Enter integer: \n");
scanf("%d", &userInt);
printf("Enter double: \n");
scanf("%lf", &userDouble);
printf("Enter character: \n");
scanf(" %c", &userChar);
printf("Enter string: \n");
scanf("%s", userString);
printf("%d %lf %c %s\n", userInt, userDouble, userChar, userString);
printf("\n");
printf("%d %lf %c %s\n%s %c %lf %d \n", userInt, userDouble, userChar, userString, userString, userChar, userDouble, userInt);
printf("\n");
printf("%d %lf %c %s\n%s %c %lf %d\n%lf cast to an integer is %d \n", userInt, userDouble, userChar, userString, userString, userChar, userDouble, userInt, userDouble, (int)userDouble); }
Explanation:
Lets do the program step by step:
1) Prompt the user to input an integer, a double, a character, and a string, storing each into separate variables. Then, output those four values on a single line separated by a space:
Solution:
The program is:
#include <iostream> //to use input output functions
using namespace std; //to identify objects cin cout
int main() { //start of main method
//declare an integer, a double, a character and a string variable
int userInt; //int type variable to store integer
double userDouble; //double type variable to store double precision floating point number
char userChar; //char type variable to store character
string userString; //string type variable to store a string
cout<<"Enter integer:"<<endl; //prompts user to enter an integer
cin>>userInt; //reads the input integer and store it to userInt variable
cout<<"Enter double:"<<endl; //prompts user to enter a double type value
cin>>userDouble; //reads the input double value and store it to userDouble variable
cout<<"Enter character:"<<endl; //prompts user to enter a character
cin>>userChar; //reads the input character and store it to userChar variable
cout<<"Enter string:"<<endl; //prompts user to enter a string
cin>>userString; //reads the input string and store it to userString variable
cout<<userInt<<" "<<userDouble<<" "<<userChar<<" "<<userString<<endl; //output the values on a single line separated by space
So the output of the entire program is:
Enter integer: 99 Enter double: 3.77 Enter character: z Enter string: Howdy 99 3.77 z Howdy
(2) Extend to also output in reverse.
Now the above code remains the same but add this output (cout) statement at the end:
cout<<userString<<" "<<userChar<<" "<<userDouble<<" "<<userInt;
Now the output with the same values given as input is:
Enter integer: 99 Enter double: 3.77 Enter character: z Enter string: Howdy
99 3.77 z Howdy Howdy z 3.77 99
(3) Extend to cast the double to an integer, and output that integer.
The rest of the code remains the same but add the following output (cout) statement in the end:
cout<<userDouble<<" cast to an integer is "<<(int)userDouble;
Now the output with the same values given as input is:
Enter integer: 99 Enter double: 3.77 Enter character: z Enter string: Howdy 99 3.77 z Howdy Howdy z 3.77 99 3.77 cast to an integer is 3
