Answer:
(1) Turkey adopted a more modern Western orientation.
Explanation:
What changed in Turkey as a direct result of Atatürk's efforts was that "Turkey adopted a more modern Western orientation."
This is evident in the fact that Kemal Atatürk reforms which occurred between 1923 to 1938 led to a period of modernization such as:
1. Putting stop to Islamic law and religious courts
2. Embracing a bit of German, Swiss, and Italian legal strategies
3. Moved away from the Arabic language to the Latin alphabet
4. Ensure that women's suffrage is gained including other vital rights
5. prohibited the men from dressing in a few, but rather wear western style of clothing.
