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4 years ago

At how many positions are the amino acids the same between the two species?

1 answer:

7 0

An amino acids between the two species, there are twenty positions along the sixty amino acids sequence that are identical between the aphid and the bacterium Pantoea. A computer can be used to compare these quences from the rest of the species to the aphid sequence.

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What U.S state has a desert

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Arizona has more than one desert.

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3 years ago

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The burning of fossil fuels has harmed the environment by

DanielleElmas [232]

Green house gases. =)

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3 years ago

1.Write the equation for light dependent reaction of photosynthesis

Annette [7]

Answer:

1. The overall chemical equation of the light-dependent reactions is given below:

12 H₂O + 12 NADP+ + 18 ADP + 18 Pi + light and chlorophyll ----> 6 O₂ + 12 NADPH + 18 ATP

2. The overall chemical equation for the light-independent reactions of the Calvin cycle is given below :

3 CO₂+ 6 NADPH + 5 H₂O + 9 ATP → glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) + 2 H+ + 6 NADP+ + 9 ADP + 8 Pi

Explanation:

1. The light-dependent reactions convert light energy into chemical energy, producing ATP and NADPH which are used light-independent reactions to drive the synthesis of sugar molecules from inorganic CO₂ and water. Light-dependent reactions takes place in photosystem I and II. Photosystem I and Photosystem II ( PS I and PS II) are the two biochemical systems, active in chloroplasts, that serve as sites of electron transfer reactions in photosynthesis. Energy from sunlight is used to split water which releases electrons and hydrogen atoms which are transferred to NADP+ to produce ATP and NADPH and oxygen is produced as a waste product.

The overall chemical equation of the light-dependent reactions is given below:

12 H₂O + 12 NADP+ + 18 ADP + 18 Pi + light and chlorophyll ----> 6 O₂ + 12 NADPH + 18 ATP. Note that Pi refers to inorganic phosphate

2. The Calvin cycle refers to the light-independent reactions in photosynthesis. It occurs in three stages.

Stage 1 (Carbon fixation): In this first stage of the Calvin cycle, light-independent CO₂ is fixed by enzyme called ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCO) to ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) to form glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.

Stage2: ATP and NADPH are used to reduce 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) into glyceraldehyde--phosphate (G3P). ATP and NADPH are used up in the process and are converted to ADP and NADP+, respectively.

Third stage: RuBP is regenerated, which enables the system to prepare for more CO2 to be fixed.

The overall chemical equation for the light-independent reactions of the Calvin cycle is given below :

3 CO₂+ 6 NADPH + 5 H₂O + 9 ATP → glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) + 2 H+ + 6 NADP+ + 9 ADP + 8 Pi

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3 years ago

An adaptation is:

andrezito [222]

Answer:

Explanation:

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.................

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3 years ago

Rank the sequence of events at the NMJ that initiate an action potential in the muscle fiber, from first to last.

wlad13 [49]

The correct order is:

- Action potential arrives at the axon terminal.

- Calcium ions enter the axon terminal.

- Synaptic vesicles fuse to membrane of axon terminal.

- Acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft.

- Acetylcholine binds to its receptors on the junctional folds.

- Junctional folds become depolarized.

- Action potential is initiated on the sarcolemma.

Action potential travels through the membrane of the presynaptic cell causing the channels permeable to calcium ions to open. Ca2+ flow through the presynaptic membrane and increase the Ca concentration in the cell which will activate proteins attached to vesicles that contain a neurotransmitter (e.g. acetylcholine). Vesicles fuse with the membrane of the presynaptic cell, thereby release their contents into the synaptic cleft-space between the membranes of the pre- and postsynaptic cells. Neurotransmitter binds to its receptors on the postsynaptic membrane and its binding causes depolarization of the target cell (muscle cell).

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3 years ago