Question

Complete the function to replace any period by an exclamation point. Ex: "Hello. I'm Miley. Nice to meet you." becomes:

Answer 1

Answer:

Here is the complete function:

void MakeSentenceExcited(char* sentenceText) {  // function that takes the text as parameter and replaces any period by an exclamation point in that text

int size = strlen(sentenceText);  //returns the length of sentenceText string and assigns it to size variable

char * ptr;  // character type pointer ptr

ptr = sentenceText;  // ptr points to the sentenceText string

for (int i=0; i<size; i++){  //iterates through the sentenceText string using i as an index

    if (sentenceText[i]=='.'){  // if the character at i-th index of sentenceText is a period

        sentenceText[i]='!'; } } } //places exclamation mark when it finds a period at i-th index of sentenceText

Explanation:

The program works as follows:

Suppose we have the string:

sentenceText = "Hello. I'm Miley. Nice to meet you."

The MakeSentenceExcited method takes this sentenceText as parameter

int size = strlen(sentenceText) this returns the length of sentenceText

The size of sentenceText is 35 as this string contains 35 characters

size =  35

Then a pointer ptr is declared which is set to point to sentenceText

for (int i=0; i<size; i++) loop works as follows:    

1st iteration:

i=0

i<size is true because i=0 and size = 35 so 0<35

So the body of loop executes:

 if (sentenceText[i]=='.') statement checks :

if (sentenceText[0]=='.')

The first element of sentenceText is H

H is not a period sign so the statement inside if statement does not execute and value of i increments to 1. Now i = 1

2nd iteration:

i=1

i<size is true because i=1 and size = 35 so 1<35

So the body of loop executes:

 if (sentenceText[i]=='.') statement checks :

if (sentenceText[1]=='.')

This is the second element of sentenceText i.e. e

e is not a period sign so the statement inside if statement does not execute and value of i increments to 1. Now i = 2

So at each iteration the if condition checks if the character at i-th index of string sentenceText is a period.

Now lets see a case where the element at i-th index is a period:

6th iteration:

i=5

i<size is true because i=5 and size = 35 so 5<35

So the body of loop executes:

 if (sentenceText[i]=='.') statement checks :

if (sentenceText[5]=='.')

This is the character at 5th index of sentenceText i.e. "."

So the if condition evaluates to true and the statement inside if part executes:

sentenceText[i]='!'; statement becomes:

sentenceText[5]='!'; this means that the character at 5th position of sentenceText string is assigned an exclamation mark.

So from above 6 iterations the result is:

Hello!

This loop continues to execute until all the characters of sentenceText are checked and when the value of i gets greater than or equal to the length of sentenceText then the loop breaks.

The screenshot of the program along with its output is attached.