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AlladinOne [14]
3 years ago
14

Describe the structural organization shared by the cilia and flagella?

Biology
1 answer:
arsen [322]3 years ago
8 0

Both flagella and cilia have a common structural arrangement of microtubules referred to as "9 + 2 array."   A single cilium or flagellum is made up of string of nine microtubule doublets that surround a single microtubule doublet in the center.

Flagella are hair-like structures which are usually long and they extend from the plasma membrane. They are used to propel or move an entire cell, for example sperm cell.

Cilia are short  hair-like structures that are used to move entire cells. An example is paramecia. Cilia can also be found lining the outer surface of cells such as those of the respiratory tract where they move trapped particles up toward the nose and mouth. 



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Energy is passed between organisms through the food chain. The organism that obtains energy from sunlight is called the producer.

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Summarize the effects of progesterone and estrogen
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<u>Definition:</u>

The sex hormone  and endogenous steroid present in human and other species ' menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis are known as "Progesterone" while the primary sex hormone in females  responsible for the development and control of the female reproductive system and for the characteristics of secondary sex is termed as "Estrogen" or "oestrogen".

<u>Progesterone Effects:</u>

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  • Progesterone has main effects on human sperm by non-genomic signals, as they move through the female tract before fertilization.
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<u>Estrogen Effects:</u>

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<u>Similarities between progesterone and estrogen: </u>

Progesterone and estrogen  as such do not have similar function but work with coordination as both are need for menstrual cycle functioning and regulation. Estrogens usually travel in fluids through the bloodstream, communicate with cells in the body's various tissues, and provide a message or guidance while progesterone helps to balance pregnancy period  and to implant an egg in uterus.

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