Answer: c. nephron
Explanation: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, which actively filters blood and generates urine. The nephron is made of the renal corpuscle and renal tubule. Cortical nephrons are located within the renal cortex, whilst juxtamedullary nephrons are observed inside the renal cortex near the renal medulla.
Answer:
Diverse
Explanation:
Natural selection can better occur when individuals are more naturally diverse.
Answer:
Vascular plants have separate tubular tissues such as xylem, phloem for smooth transport of water, minerals and food while non-vascular plants do not show these attributes.
Explanation:
Although both life cycles are divided between the sporophytic and gametophytic generations, vascular plants have a dominant diploid sporophytic phase while non-vascular plants have a dominant haploid gametophytic phase.
Non-vascular plants are poikilohydric (they can withstand dehydration and can recover without any damage to their tissues), though they cannot control the water level in their cells and tissues. On the other hand, vascular plants are homoiohydry. They can survive in any habitat and can control the water content in cells and tissues, though they have low capacity to survive dessication compared to the non-vascular plants.
Non-vascular plants do not have true leaf. The leaves are mere chlorophyll containing. Photosynthesized food are directly sent from one cell to the other. They lack proper transport mechanism for food and water.
On the other hand, the vascular plants have complex multilayered leaf (cells) structure. The waxy layer cuticles on the leaves prevent dessication. That are more chlorophyll containing than their counterpart.
Answer:
Please find the summary of what happens during DNA replication below
Explanation:
DNA replication is the process by which a DNA molecule is duplicated into two identical copies. It occurs in the nucleus of the cell prior to any cellular division. The process includes:
- The double stranded DNA is first unwound by an enzyme called DNA HELICASE into a replication fork consisting of two single strands of DNA.
- Another enzyme called DNA POLYMERASE binds to the DNA and begins to add NUCLEOTIDES to each strand using complementary base pairing rule i.e. A-T, G-C. To do this, short sequences of RNA called PRIMER are synthesized by an enzyme called PRIMASE, which serves as building block for DNA polymerase to act.
- However, DNA POLYMERASE can only work in the 5'-3' direction i.e. on the leading strand which runs from 3'-5' direction. Short pieces of DNA called OKAZAKI fragments are synthesized on the lagging strand, which runs from 5'-3' direction.
- An enzyme called LIGASE joins the okazaki fragments together into a whole DNA on the lagging strand.
After the replication process which follows the SEMI-CONSERVATIVE MODEL of replication, each DNA molecule will contain one old strand called PARENT STRAND and one NEW strand.
