The answer is to your question is A
The population will be less as some will die or there are chances of equal also if no one died... Most chances are of 1st one. But it also must be the same or less. Depending on if population growth means just how much it got bigger of if it can be negative (like -8% means it got smaller by 8% and being considered "growth").
Hope this helps!
It can affect the dogs diet and can eventually become bad if given too much
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Answer: Phagocyte receptors that detect PAMPs
Explanation:
TLRs or Toll-like receptors, are a family of proteins that are part of the innate immune system. TLRs are transmembranous and recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are groups of chemical characteristics common to certain types of pathogens. Patterns detected by TLRs include lipopolysaccharide, a compound found on the surfaces of Gram-negative bacteria, and double-stranded RNA, which is an integral part of the life cycles of many viruses. These PAMPs are generally important for the survival of the pathogen, so they are well preserved. <u>Activation of these receptors induces inflammatory responses in leukocytes of myeloid lineage, signaling via NF-κB, which is a transcription factor that activates pro-inflammatory genes</u>. Activated TLRs also increase the production of co-stimulatory molecules such as CD80, CD86 and CD40. These proteins, expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells, are necessary for the activation of T-lymphocytes by dentritic cells and macrophages already showing antigens in their MHC type II molecules (Major Histocompatibility Complex, they participate in the presentation of antigens to T lymphocytes)
<u>In addition, TLR-mediated signaling on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) plays an important role in linking the innate and adaptive immune responses</u>.
<span>in Scientific method observation comes first,,,
hypothesis is a short time theory made on the basis of observation..
hypothesis depends upon observation...
you suggest any statement about the phenomenon that you felt either my your mind or senses that is hypothesis...</span><span>
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