<u>Outcome of pancreaticoduodenectomy procedure -</u>
- Compared to the Whipple surgery, PPPD causes more instances of postoperative delayed stomach emptying.
- Both procedures result in comparable long-term nutritional benefits, only a small percentage of patients develop new insulin dependent, and 65% of chosen individuals experience an equivalent level of pain reduction.
- Patients who have excessive pathology in the head of the pancreas are more likely to get effective pain reduction.
What is pancreaticoduodenectomy procedure?
- A Whipple procedure also known as a pancreaticoduodenectomy is a complex operation to remove the head of the pancreas, the first part of the small intestine (duodenum), the gallbladder and the bile duct.
- The Whipple procedure is used to treat tumors and other disorders of the pancreas, intestine and bile duct.
Learn more about Whipple surgery
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Answer:
The lytic cycle.
Explanation:
<u>HIV is a retrovirus</u> that has a special enzyme called transcriptase reverse, which can synthesize DNA using RNA as a template. This replication system is particularly useful for the virus because the DNA synthesized from the RNA viral genome can be then integrated into the human chromosomes and stay inactive for years. This is called a lysogenic cycle and is characterized by a latency of the virus and an integration to the host DNA.
When there is a triggering event, <u>this latent virus can be excised from the human chromosome and start producing copies of itself using the host machinery.</u> <u>Then the virions are assembled and after that they lyse the host cell and release new infective units that can then infect neighboring cells. </u>This is called the lytic cycle of the virus and is the reproduction cycle that occurs when a person moves into the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) stage of HIV infection.
Out of the following given choices;
<span>A. </span>cause their nest-guarding activity to drop
<span>B. </span>change male characteristics to female characteristics
<span>C. </span>disrupt the estrogen receptors
<span>D. </span>cause the males to become even more aggressive
The answer is A. The males would begin to search for the females for mating and hence reduce their guard of the nests. This would result in easy access of the nests to enemies and predators of fish eggs and fingerlings.
