The answer is (A) stabilizing selection. Stabilizing selection favors the average in a population. In this case, babies that are born at a normal body weight, or an average between the two extremes of underweight and large, tend to have more favorable outcomes.
Answer: In medicine, it refers to parts of the body further away from the center. For example, the hand is distal to the shoulder.
14. It would indirect and 15. Direct