Prussia won the war. Prussia made sure and be friends with Austria - Hungry, so that France would be isolated. (Guns with needles can fire ammo much faster.) Helped unite Prussia as a country into Germany.
Robespierre was a controversial French figure during the French Revolution who became a leader of the revolution and a spokesman for the revolutionary cause. His record is controversial because he sought to create a "virtuous republic" through quick and swift justice, which was essentially the use of execution to rid France of anyone against the revolution that swept France. Many accused Robespierre of being a tyrant or dictatorial and eventually he was executed himself.
Cultural: The Enlightenment philosophy desacralized the authority of the monarchy and the Catholic Church, and promoted a new society based on reason instead of traditions.
Social: The emergence of an influential bourgeoisie which was formally part of the Third Estate (commoners) but had evolved into a caste with its own agenda and aspired to political equality with the clergy (First Estate) and the aristocracy (Second Estate).
Financial: France's debt, aggravated by French involvement in the American Revolution, led Louis XVI to implement new taxations and to reduce privileges.
Political: Louis XVI faced strong opposition from provincial parlements which were the spearheads of the privileged classes' resistance to royal reforms.
Economic: The deregulation of the grain market, advocated by liberal economists, resulted in an increase in bread prices. In periods of bad harvests, it would lead to food scarcity which would prompt the masses to revolt.
Generally speaking, it was "weapons" that was not something that the British wanted to get from the Chinese, since these were easily made in Great Britain so there was no need to import them.
