Chemical equation is the symbolic representation of chemical reactions.
Explanation
Chemical reactions are known as the reaction where two or more molecules or compounds react with each other leading to formation of product compounds along with either release or absorption of energy.
The symbolic representation of the processes occurring in a chemical reaction is termed as chemical equation.
The symbolic representation includes the reactants, products, external energy type and quantity of external energy and also about release of energy if occurs.
So the reactants are usually written in the left side of the chemical equation whereas on the right the products are written.
Both the sides are linked by a single headed arrow mark.
Some both the sides are linked by double heated arrow mark indicating the equilibrium chemical reaction.
Answer:
Tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, trigonal bipyramidal.
Explanation:
The VSPER theory states that the bonds of sharing electrons and the lone pairs of electrons will repulse as much as possible. So, by the repulsion, the molecule will have some shape.
In the ion PO₄³⁻, the central atom P has 5 electrons in its valence shell, so it needs 3 electrons to be stable. Oxygen has 6 electrons at the valence shell and needs 2 to be stable. 3 oxygens share 1 pair of electrons with P, and the two lone pair remaining in P is shared with the other O, then the central atom makes 4 bonds and has no lone pairs, the shape is tetrahedral.
In the ion H₃O⁺, the central atom O has 6 electrons in its valence shell and needs 2 electrons to be stable. The hydrogen has 1 electron, and need 1 more to be stable. The hydrogens share 1 pair of electrons with the oxygen, then it remains 3 electrons at the central atom, and the VSPER theory states that the shape will be a trigonal pyramidal.
In the AsF₅, the central atom As has 5 valence electrons, and F has 1 electron in its valence shell, so each F shares one pair of electrons with As, and there are no lone pairs in the central atom. For 5 bonds without lone pairs, the shape is trigonal bipyramidal.
Answer:
francium
Explanation:
the atomic radius increases from top to bottom in a group, and decreases from left to right across a period.
