Genes code for proteins. That way they determine biological structures and functions. Besides genes, the environment has the great impact on the structure of an organism. Alleles and genes will give a trait, but the environment can affect it. For example, alleles that are responsible for height will give a person some average height. But if the person begins to train basketball at the early age (during growth), the person will overcome the average height. This is the effect of the environment and not genes. The other example is that if a person lives in a sunny region, the person will be tan.
DNA stores information in a sequence of adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine on a backbone of two deoxyribose molecules, which intertwine in a double helix. In nature, this information is read by RNA molecules and turned into proteins.
Human height is one of the traits that belong to traits that cannot easily be placed in discrete phenotypic classes (there is not only tall and short people, there is continuous variation of height between them). Such traits are usually controlled by more than one gene (polygenic traits).
On the other hand, a Mendelian trait is controlled by a single locus.
Answer:
IgM, IgA, IgE, IgD and IgG
Explanation:
IgM functions in the initial response to offence.
IgA is important for protection of mucus membranes such as in saliva, sweat, tears and gastric fluid.
IgE is active during allergic reactions and defense against infections.
IgD is found on the surface of lymphocytes and is activated upon contact with antigens.
IgG forms part of the secondary response to antigen and is also responsible for newborn protection.
