<span>proton gradient</span> establishment
Chemiosmosis is the process that allows the diffusion of a
molecule or an atom through the membrane. Also, it is the movement of ions
across semipermeable membrane down their electrochemical gradients. In chloroplast,
chemiosmotic coupling is an important factor in ATP production through proton
gradient establishment.
Answer:
An allergic reaction
Explanation:
An allergic reaction occurs when our immune system misinterprets a harmless substance into a harmful antigen and initiate an over-expressed immune response against it. Some of these allergic substances are pollen, molds, insect stings, etc.
These allergens trigger the production of IgE antibodies in the body which interact with different cell and initiate the release of chemicals like histamine that cause symptoms of allergic reaction.
It can affect the nose, skin, lung, stomach lining, etc. Therefore the correct answer is an allergic reaction.
