The French and Indian War<span> was the North American conflict </span>
Alea iacta est ("The die is cast") is a variation of a Latin phrase (iacta alea est) attributed by Suetonius to Julius Caesar who pronounced it in the year 49 B.C. when he was leading his army across the Rubicon river in the current territories of Northern Italy. Subsequently, he entered in Italy heading his army and defying the Roman Senate and it meant the beginning of the civil war versus Pompey and the Optimates.
- Plutarch, referred to the same event in his written testimonies and reported the phrase but stating it was pronounced in Greek instead of Latin and that its translation meant: <em>'Let the die be cast'.</em>
- Suetonius described the same situation, reporting a very similar phrase but not exactly the same. Let's include the exact excerpt of his writings where he did so.
<em>Caesar: '... iacta alea est,' inquit.</em>
<em>Caesar said, "The die has been cast."</em>
Thefore there are two very similar versions of the same historical events. Usually the Latin version is the most widely known, as the Latin language was more widespread all over Europe and gave rise to all the current family of Latin languages (Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, etc).
Answer:
d. The Roman capital moves to Byzantium.
Explanation:
In the year 330 C.E., empreror Constantine moved the Empire capital from Rome to Byzantium, located in the strait of bosphorus, between Anatolia and Greece.
The emperor also changed the name of the city, after him: Constantinople. From this moment on, Constantinople would continue to be a larger and more important city than Rome, which would continue to decline.
<span>He just managed to conquer everybody, where the others failed.
Some of the factors that had an effect on that military operation where his innovations.
He introduced the notion of professional army in the area and the practice of gaining political and diplomatic influence through marriages.
Most importantly he managed to secure gold and silver mines in macedonia and thace that allowed him to finance his wars.
But also the timing was good, the rest Greeks were very weak after the long peloponnesian wars and the plagues of the time.
Also, since macedonians were also Greek and shared common language and culture, they were able to gain influence in various ways in the other Greek city states, including buying supporters in places like the Greek Delphic council.</span>Source(s):<span>http://www.historyofmacedonia.org/AncientMacedonia/PhilipofMacedon.html</span>
