Antibiotics are, initially, molecules naturally synthesized by microorganisms to fight against bacteria competing with their environment. This created a pressure of selection on the bacterial populations, leading to the appearance of resistant strains. In fact, when an antibiotic is used, only bacteria with defense systems against this molecule survive (and reproduce).
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Answer:
Antibiotic resistance is a consequence of evolution via natural selection. The antibiotic action is an environmental pressure; those bacteria which have a mutation allowing them to survive will live on to reproduce. They will then pass this trait to their offspring, which will be a fully resistant generation.
Survival of the Fittest (Natural Selection):
When bacteria are initially exposed to an antibiotic, those most susceptible to the antibiotic will die quickly, leaving any surviving bacteria to pass on their resistant features to succeeding generations.
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