<h2>d) option is correct </h2>
Explanation:
The stringent response occurs in response to low energy store
For example when there is low level of lactose it means energy level is low so there will be no transcription of genes and hence transportation and catabolism of lactose will be inhibited
When E coli is grown in mixture of both glucose and lactose, at high glucose concentration the growth rate is maximum and lactose catabolism is repressed, this called as catabolite repression and it is due to level of cAMP
<span> They are unable to pass through the plasma membrane and have different methods of action. They attach to their receptors in the target cell surface and influence activity within the cell through cytoplasmic intermediates called second messengers. </span>
<span>The two most important messengers are cAMP and inositol triphosphate. </span>
<span>Cyclic AMP: ATP is converted into cAMP after a series of reactions on the plasma membrane following the attachment of the hormone to the membrane. cAMP relays the signal from the membrane to the metabolic machinery of the cytoplasm. </span>
<span>Inositol Triphosphate: Involves the use of Ca+2 that regulates cellular protein activity.
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Hope this helps !!!^_~!!!
All of the above-mentioned facts are the risks that pests pose to the consumers. Pests are unwanted insects, which may infect food, as they are laden with pathogenic micro-organisms, they eat away the stored food, as a source of nourishment, and are difficult to manage. Pesticides are used to kill the, and they are chemicals, which may also pose serious threats, if consumed in large quantities.
He performed an experiment that explain what occurred on primitive earth billions of years ago. He sent an electrical charge through a flask of chemical solution of methane, ammonia, hydrogen and water. This created organic compounds including amino acids
Hopes this help you.
I believe that the answer to this question is, that laws can be made to prevent certain things/ amounts of things to be used up.
