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3 years ago

Level 5:

Mathematics

1 answer:

Brilliant_brown [7]3 years ago

3 0

9514 1404 393

Answer:

C. 35.3 km

Step-by-step explanation:

From your knowledge of right triangles, you know that the hypotenuse is longer than the longest leg and shorter than the sum of the legs.

For this geometry, the distance of interest is longer than 32 km and shorter than 15+32 = 47 km. The only answer choice in the correct range is ...

35.3 km

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If Allison wants to find 80% of 630, which table should she use?

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Ples help me find slant assemtotes

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A polynomial asymptote is a function $p(x)$ such that

$\displaystyle\lim_{x\to\pm\infty}(f(x)-p(x))=0$

$(y+1)^2=4xy\implies y(x)=2x-1\pm2\sqrt{x^2-x}$

Since this equation defines a hyperbola, we expect the asymptotes to be lines of the form $p(x)=ax+b$ .

Ignore the negative root (we don't need it). If $y=2x-1+2\sqrt{x^2-x}$ , then we want to find constants $a,b$ such that

$\displaystyle\lim_{x\to\infty}(2x-1+2\sqrt{x^2-x}-ax-b)=0$

We have

$\sqrt{x^2-x}=\sqrt{x^2}\sqrt{1-\dfrac1x}$
$\sqrt{x^2-x}=|x|\sqrt{1-\dfrac1x}$
$\sqrt{x^2-x}=x\sqrt{1-\dfrac1x}$

since $x\to\infty$ forces us to have $x>0$ . And as $x\to\infty$ , the $\dfrac1x$ term is "negligible", so really $\sqrt{x^2-x}\approx x$ . We can then treat the limand like

$2x-1+2x-ax-b=(4-a)x-(b+1)$

which tells us that we would choose $a=4$ . You might be tempted to think $b=-1$ , but that won't be right, and that has to do with how we wrote off the "negligible" term. To find the actual value of $b$ , we have to solve for it in the following limit.

$\displaystyle\lim_{x\to\infty}(2x-1+2\sqrt{x^2-x}-4x-b)=0$

$\displaystyle\lim_{x\to\infty}(\sqrt{x^2-x}-x)=\frac{b+1}2$

We write

$(\sqrt{x^2-x}-x)\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2-x}+x}{\sqrt{x^2-x}+x}=\dfrac{(x^2-x)-x^2}{\sqrt{x^2-x}+x}=-\dfrac x{x\sqrt{1-\frac1x}+x}=-\dfrac1{\sqrt{1-\frac1x}+1}$

Now as $x\to\infty$ , we see this expression approaching $-\dfrac12$ , so that

$-\dfrac12=\dfrac{b+1}2\implies b=-2$

So one asymptote of the hyperbola is the line $y=4x-2$ .

The other asymptote is obtained similarly by examining the limit as $x\to-\infty$ .

$\displaystyle\lim_{x\to-\infty}(2x-1+2\sqrt{x^2-x}-ax-b)=0$

$\displaystyle\lim_{x\to-\infty}(2x-2x\sqrt{1-\frac1x}-ax-(b+1))=0$

Reduce the "negligible" term to get

$\displaystyle\lim_{x\to-\infty}(-ax-(b+1))=0$

Now we take $a=0$ , and again we're careful to not pick $b=-1$ .

$\displaystyle\lim_{x\to-\infty}(2x-1+2\sqrt{x^2-x}-b)=0$

$\displaystyle\lim_{x\to-\infty}(x+\sqrt{x^2-x})=\frac{b+1}2$

$(x+\sqrt{x^2-x})\cdot\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x^2-x}}{x-\sqrt{x^2-x}}=\dfrac{x^2-(x^2-x)}{x-\sqrt{x^2-x}}=\dfrac
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This time the limit is $\dfrac12$ , so

$\dfrac12=\dfrac{b+1}2\implies b=0$

which means the other asymptote is the line $y=0$ .

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