Answer:
Although the primary goal of a political machine is keeping itself in power rather than providing good government, machines have been responsible for restructuring city governments to centralize authority, improving facilities and services, helping to assimilate immigrant groups, and encouraging the growth of business and industry. Supporters of political machines say that they “work” and that consolidating power in the hands of a boss.
Explanation:a political machine is a political group in which an authoritative leader or small group command the support of a corps of supporters and businesses
 
        
             
        
        
        
B. Integer I think that’s the answer
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
top down approach
Explanation:
Top down approach is process of breaking down system into sub-system which helps in formulating the overall system. At the end every sub system can be refined with more details.
 While bottom up approach is process of gathering systems to design large complex system.
Top down is better as basic information is present and resources can be utilized effectively without impacting maintennance and operations.