Glutamic acid is a hydrophilic amino acid. At physiological pH, it is negatively charged. Carboxylic acid group ( -COOH ) in its side chain is responsible for both, the hydrophilic nature as well as negative charge of the glutamic acid. Because of its hydrophilic nature it is found on the surface of protein facing aqueous solution i.e. it is an extrinsic amino acid.
Valine on the other hand is a hydrophobic amino acid. It is neutral at physiological pH. Valine has an aliphatic side chain which is responsible for both, it's hydrophobic nature as well as neutral charge. Since it is hydrophobic, it is found inside of protein molecules i.e. it is an intrinsic amino acid.
<span>A nerve impulse is an electrical signal that travels along an axon. There is an electrical difference between the inside of the axon and its surroundings, like a tiny battery. When the nerve is activated, there is a sudden change in the voltage across the wall of the axon, caused by the movement of ions in and out of the neuron. This triggers a wave of electrical activity that passes from the cell body along the length of the axon to the synapse. Does this help you?</span>
Answer:
NEPHRONS ARE THE FUNCTIONAL AND STRUCTURAL UNIT OF KIDNEYS...
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Blood concentration is approximated by the distance from the source.
The concentration of blood at a point P(x,y,z) on the surface of sea water is approximated by the distance from the source where the blood moves. Point x is the place where the concentration of the blood is the highest because at this point the source of blood present.
At point y, the concentration of the blood is lower as compared to point x but higher than point z, while on the other hand, at point z the concentration of blood is the lowest due to its presence farther from the source so we can conclude that blood concentration is approximated by the distance from the source.
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