The human brain consumes up to 20% of the energy used the entire human body which is any other single organ. the brain represents inly 2%of the body wheight yet it recieves 15% of the cardiac output and 20% of the total body oxygen consumption.
The major evolutionary episode corresponding most closely in time with the formation of Pangaea was the Permian Extinctions.
The Permian Extinctions happened around 300 million years ago and lasted for around 15 million years. It eliminated over 95 percent of water life and 70 percent of species on land. It was one of the largest extinctions in the history of Earth.
In addition to gravity, muscular peristaltic waves, originating in the renal pelvis, squeeze urine down the ureters and squirt it into the bladder, the peristaltic movements consist of radially symmetrical contractions and in the relaxation of the muscles that propagate in a wave downwards in the muscular tube, in an antegrade manner, such movements are also found in the esophagus and stomach.
