Answer:
A.OSHA
Explanation:
The complete question is as follows:
Who mandates that employers of emergency responders must take certain measures to protect employees who are likely to be exposed to blood and other body fluids?
A.OSHA
B.UNICEF
C.CDC
D.USMLE
- OSHA is the short form for the Occupational Safety and Health Administration which is an agency of the United States Department of Labor located in Washington D.C, USA.
- The agency works to set and enforce standards for safe and healthy working environment for both men and women who work in private and public sectors.
- The employers of OSHA have the responsibility to provide a safe workplace and ensure that no serious health hazards take place in the same.
- Therefore the employers of emergency responders are mandated by OSHA to take measures to protect employees that are exposed to body fluids and blood.
1. The correct answer is: The viral envelope proteins interact with CD4 and a co-receptor on the cell membrane.
Binding and entering the host cell are the first steps of the HIV virus infection. So, these steps play a major role in determining the ability of HIV to degrade the human immune system. Binding of HIV to CD4+ T lymphocytes (express chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 called co-receptors) triggers the fusion of the viral and host cell membranes, initiating infection (viral core gets into the cytoplasm).
Attachment of the virion can be:
• Nonspecific-envelop protein of the virus (Env) binds to cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans
• Specific-Env binds to integrin.
2. The correct answer is: Activation of the host cell by cytokines, growth factors, or antigens.
After the viral capsid enters the cell, single-stranded RNA genome is released from the attached viral proteins and copied it into a complementary DNA (cDNA) molecule thanks to an enzyme called reverse transcriptase. Next step is the integration of the viral DNA into the host cell's genome. This process is done by another viral enzyme called integrase. The integrated DNA is transcribed into RNA and then translated into proteins that will help the package of new viruse particles.
3. The answer is: false
Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of DNA from an RNA template. Since the genome of the virus (HIV) is single stranded RNA, reverse transcriptase copies it into a complementary DNA (cDNA) molecule. Thanks to this enzyme, formed cDNA can be integrated into host’s genome. Because of this proprety, antiretroviral drugs used to treat HIV infection work as reverse-transcriptase inhibitors.
Explanation:
<h3>for example:- </h3>
If a mutation led to brighter feather colouring in birds, the brighter feathers may allow those individuals with the mutation to reproduce more frequently, because they are seen as being more attractive and a desirable mate.
Answer:
A. Glucose
Explanation:
Glucose stores chemical energy in just the right size for transport and uptake by cells.
Answer:
Culture/sensitivity
Explanation:
Culture is a kind of test that detects infection-causing bacteria or fungus.
If the microorganism that causes infection grows, the result is positive; if it doesn’t, then the culture is negative.
The sensitivity test tells us what kind of medicine or antibiotic will be suitable to treat the infection.
Hence, the answer is justified.
