The responses observed in type IV hypersensitivities result from the action of T cells and phagocytes.
Hypersensitivity IV type, also called delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), involves T cell-antigen interactions that cause activation and secretion of cytokines. This type of hypersensitivity requires sensitized lymphocytes that respond 24–48 hours after exposure to soluble antigens. A type IV hypersensitivity reaction is a cell-mediated reaction that can occur in response to contact with certain allergens, resulting in what is called contact dermatitis, or in response to certain diagnostic procedures such as the tuberculin skin test. Certain allergens need to be avoided to treat this condition. Type IV hypersensitivity response is observed results from the action of T cells and macrophages while other types are mediated by antibodies. This reaction occurs at least 1–3 days after the initial exposure. Type IV hypersensitivity is the mechanism of many autoimmune disorders.
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Answer:
anything contrary to the information provided below
Explanation:
Proteins determine the shape and structure of cells and the direction of almost all vital processes. Protein functions are specific to each of them and allow cells to maintain their integrity, defense of external agents, damage repair, control and regular functions, etc. selective binding to molecules. Structural proteins agree with other molecules of the same protein to cause a larger structure. However, other proteins bind to different molecules: antibodies to specific antigens, hemoglobin to oxygen, enzymes to their substrates, regulators of genetic expression to DNA, hormones to their specific receptors, etc.
Answer:
Sickle cell anemia is an inherited condition in which there aren't enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen through an individual's body. The red blood cells of a healthy individual are flexible and round, and they move through blood vessels with no problem, transporting oxygen successfully. However, a person with sickle cell anemia has rigid, sticky red blood shaped like sickles or crescent moons. These cells often get stuck in small blood vessels, which can slow or block blood flow and oxygen delivery to different parts of the body.
The sickle cell anemia trait is found on a recessive allele of the hemoglobin gene, while the regular red blood cell trait is found on the dominant allele. This means that a person must have two copies of the recessive allele (one from their mother and the other from their father) to be born with this condition. People who have one dominant and one recessive allele or both dominant alleles will have healthy red blood cells.
<span>Ozone is simply a molecule consisting of 3 oxygen atoms, which reacts strongly with other molecules. Ozone is created in the stratosphere when high energy uv radiation causes on O2 molecule to split. The free oxygen atoms collide and react with other O2 molecules to form O3.</span>
Production is highest where the solar uv is the greatest eg near the tropics, but once created, the ozone is then circulated towards the poles by the atmosphere. The amount of ozone in the stratosphere can vary with location, season and even day to day climatic conditions.
<span>The process of ozone creation is what makes the O3 in the atmosphere very effective at shielding the Earth from harmful uv radiation, which can cause many biological problems, such as skin cancer. However, due to its high reactivity, the uv found in the tropospher at ground level can aslo be dangerous as a toxic pollutant which is harmful to plants and lung tissue, and is a major cause of smog.</span>
Answer:
Relative humidity, RH
Explanation:
RH, is the ratio of the amount of water vapor present in the air to the maximum amount of water vapor needed for saturation at a certain pressure and temperature
